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Safety capacitors are used in such occasions that after the capacitor fails, it will not cause electric shock and will not endanger personal safety. It includes X capacitors and Y capacitors. The x capacitor is the capacitor connected between the two lines of the power line (LN), and metal film capacitors are generally used; the Y capacitor is the capacitor connected between the two lines of the power line and the ground (LE, NE), and they usually appear in pairs. . Due to the limitation of leakage current, the Y capacitor value cannot be too large. Generally, the X capacitor is uF and the Y capacitor is nF. The X capacitor suppresses differential mode interference, and the Y capacitor suppresses common mode interference.
Permissible peak pulse voltage overvoltage level (IEC664) X1 > 2.5kV ≤4.0kV Ⅲ, X2 ≤2.5kV Ⅱ, X3 ≤1.2kV ——Safety capacitor safety grade insulation type rated voltage range , Y1 double insulation or reinforced insulation ≥ 250V, Y2 basic insulation or additional insulation ≥ 150V ≤ 250V, Y3 basic insulation or additional insulation ≥ 150V ≤ 250V, Y4 basic insulation or additional insulation < 150V, the capacitance of Y capacitors must be limited , So as to achieve the purpose of controlling the magnitude of the leakage current flowing through it under the action of the rated frequency and rated voltage and the impact on the EMC performance of the system. GJB151 stipulates that the capacity of Y capacitor should not be greater than 0.1uF. In addition to complying with the corresponding grid voltage withstand voltage, Y capacitors are also required to have sufficient safety margins in terms of electrical and mechanical properties to avoid breakdown and short-circuit under extremely harsh environmental conditions. The withstand voltage performance of Y capacitors Protecting personal safety is of great significance.